Jirí Trnka
Jiri Trnka
Иржи Трнка (Russia)
イジ`・トルンカ (Japan)
イルジ`・トルンカ (Japan)
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伊利・唐卡
伊利・唐卡是比扬・史云梅耶更早一代的捷克偶动画大师，影响无数后代创作者的重要动画家。1912年2月24日出生于奥匈帝国Pilsen（现捷克Plzen）。
如同许多东欧的动画家，他的作品在歌颂国家文化，特别是民俗风情时，也隐约地对当下的政治情势提出评论。前者明显可在《捷克古老传说》（Staré povesti ceské，1953）中获得例证。唐卡的最后一部影片《手》（Ruka，1965），是一部艺术自由的寓言故事。片中一名制造花盆的小工匠，遭到一支庞大、多管闲事的手，强迫为它制作一个雕塑；当他终于答应后，必须在一个巨大的笼子里工作。讽刺的是，唐卡竟然能够在一个国家掌控艺术的共党资助片厂，完成这部童话电影。
他制作的偶可爱而细致，场景与服装也一样精细而美丽。而且他开始注意到偶动画与偶剧场的不同处，不再让片中的偶有可以眨巴眨巴动的眼睛和嘴巴，而是利用镜头与灯光来转换气氛。他同时也是个说故事高手，他很早便体认到“故事线”对偶动画的重要，不管是改编或是自创，他让原本无生命的木偶成为可爱可亲的角色，栩栩如生地表演出一个个精彩动人的故事。
在第二次世界大战结束后，他被指派成立捷克国家电影动画部门，十年间几乎所有捷克的偶动画作品都出自他旗下的工作室。他只活到五十八岁（因心脏病卒于1969年12月30日，布拉格），靠着几部动画作品，迅速地使奎基电影公司扬名。像是1959年改编自莎士比亚名作的长篇动画《仲夏夜之梦》（Sen noci svatojanske）就是其代表作之一。
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◆ Director - filmography
1945 Zasadil dedek repu
... aka おじいさんの砂糖大根 (Japan)
Genre: Short / Animation
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
1946 Dárek /礼物
... aka り物 (Japan)
Genre: Animation / Romance / Short
Runtime: Czechoslovakia:15 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
1946 Pérák a SS /弹簧男与SS
... aka The Chimney Sweep (USA)
... aka Springman & the SS (Europe: English title)
... aka L'homme à ressorts et les SS (France)
... aka バネ男とＳＳ (Japan)
User Rating: 6.5/10 (8 votes)
Runtime: 13 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Color: Black and White
1946 Zvírátka a petrovstí /动物与山贼
... aka Les petits animaux et les brigands (France)
... aka 游铯郡沥壬劫\ (Japan)
Genre: Family
Runtime: 9 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
1947 Spalicek /捷克的四季
... aka The Czech Year (Europe: English title)
... aka L'année Tcheque (France)
... aka チェコの四季 (Japan)
Genre: Animation
User Rating: 6.4/10 (5 votes)
Country: Czechoslovakia
1948 Cisaruv slavík /皇帝的夜莺
... aka The Emperor's Nightingale (USA)
... aka Le rossignol et l'empereur de Chine (France)
... aka Соловей Императора (Russia)
... aka 皇帝のL (Japan)
Genre: Family / Animation
User Rating: 7.0/10 (24 votes)
Runtime: 71 min / USA:55 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: English
Color: Color (Agfacolor)
Sound Mix: Mono
Certification: Finland:S / Sweden:Btl
1949 Arie prerie /草原之歌
... aka Song of the Prairie (USA)
... aka Le chant de la prairie (France)
... aka 草原の歌 (Japan)
Genre: Short / Animation / Family / Western / Adventure / Comedy
User Rating: 6.6/10 (19 votes)
Runtime: 23 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Color: Color
1949 Certuv mlyn /恶魔水车小屋
... aka The Devil's Mill (USA)
... aka Le moulin du diable (France)
... aka 魔の水小屋 (Japan)
Genre: Animation / Family / Short
Runtime: 21 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Color: Color
1949 Román s basou /低音提琴的故事
... aka Story of the Bass Cello (USA)
... aka コントラバス物Z (Japan)
Genre: Short / Animation
User Rating: 6.9/10 (13 votes)
Runtime: 13 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Color: Color
1950 Bajaja /巴牙牙王子
... aka Prince Bayaya (Europe: English title)
... aka バヤヤ (Japan)
User Rating: 6.4/10 (6 votes)
Country: Czechoslovakia
Certification: Sweden:15
1951 Vesely Cirkus /欢乐的杂技表演
... aka The Merry Circus
... aka Le cirque joyeux (France)
... aka Sしいサ`カス (Japan)
Runtime: 12 min
1951 O zlaté rybce /金鱼
... aka The Golden Fish (USA)
... aka The Goldfish
... aka Le poisson d'or (France)
... aka 金の~ (Japan)
Country: Czechoslovakia
1953 Dva mrazíci /两只霜精灵
... aka Les deux frimas (France)
... aka 二つの霜 (Japan)
Genre: Short / Animation / Comedy
User Rating: 6.4/10 (6 votes)
Runtime: 13 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
1953 Jak starecek měnil az vyměnil
... aka おじいさんの物々交Q (Japan)
Runtime: 9 min
1953 Staré povesti ceské /捷克古老传说
... aka Old Czech Legends
... aka Les vieilles légendes Tchéques (France)
... aka チェコの古代徽h (Japan)
Genre: Animation
User Rating: 9.9/10 (10 votes)
Runtime: 91 min / Czech Republic:90 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
Certification: Sweden:Btl
1954 Kutásek a Kutilka - jak ráno vstávali
... aka クチャ`セクとクティルカ (Japan)
1954-1955 Dobry voják Svejk /好兵帅克
... aka Le brave soldat Svejk (France)
... aka 善良な兵士シュヴェイク (Japan)
User Rating: 7.1/10 (15 votes)
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
※ “好兵帅克”由三个独立短片组成，分别是：
1954 Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka - Z Hatvanu na hranice Halice /白兰地
... aka 善良な兵士シュヴェイク1／コニャックの (Japan)
Runtime: 23 min
1954 Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka - Švejkovy nehody ve vlaku /列车骚动
... aka 善良な兵士シュヴェイク2／列X婴 (Japan)
Runtime: 22 min
1954 Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka - Švejkova budějovická anabase /来回往返
... aka 善良な兵士シュヴェイク3／堂々めぐりの (Japan)
Runtime: 31 min
1955 Cirkus Hurvinek /伏尔比尼克的杂技表演
... aka Le cirque Hurvinek (France)
... aka フルヴィ`ネクのサ`カス (Japan)
Runtime: 23 min
1958 Proc UNESCO? /联合国教科文组织的话题
... aka Pourquoi UNESCO? (France)
... aka ユネスコの (Japan)
1959 Sen noci svatojanske /仲夏夜之梦
... aka A Midsummer Night's Dream (USA)
... aka Le songe d'une nuit d'été (France)
... aka 真夏の夜の (Japan)
Genre: Animation
User Rating: 8.6/10 (23 votes)
Runtime: 76 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: English
Color: Color (Eastmancolor)
Sound Mix: Mono
1962 Kybernetická babicka /电脑老奶奶
... aka The Cybernetic Grandma (Europe: English title)
... aka La grand mére Cybernétique (France)
... aka 子^おばあさん (Japan)
Genre: Short / Animation / Horror / Sci-Fi
User Rating: 6.3/10 (6 votes)
Runtime: 29 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
1962 Vásen /热情
... aka Passion (Europe: English title)
... aka La passion (France)
... aka 情 (Japan)
User Rating: 6.4/10 (5 votes)
Country: Czechoslovakia
Runtime: 9 min
1964 Archandel Gabriel a paní Husa /天使加布里尔与贵妇
... aka L'archange Gabriel et Madame L'OYE (France)
... aka 天使ガブリエルと[B夫人 (Japan)
Genre: Short / Animation
Runtime: Czechoslovakia:28 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Color: Color
1965 Ruka /手
... aka The Hand (Europe: English title)
... aka La main (France)
... aka 手 (Japan)
Genre: Animation / Comedy / Short
User Rating: 8.9/10 (33 votes)
Runtime: 18 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
Sound Mix: Mono
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◆ the Others (by IMDb)
1947 Capkovy povidky
(costume designer)
... aka Capek's Tales (USA)
Directed by Martin Fric
User Rating: 7.5/10 (5 votes)
Runtime: 97 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Black and White
Certification: Sweden:15
1951 Cisaruv pekar, pekaruv cisar
(costume designer)
... aka The Emperor and the Golem (USA)
... aka Emperor's Baker and the Golem
... aka The Emperor's Baker, the Baker's Emperor (literal English title)
Directed by Martin Fric
Genre: Comedy / Horror
User Rating: 8.3/10 (60 votes)
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color (Sovcolor)
Sound Mix: Mono
Certification: Finland:K-12 / Sweden:15
1954 Jan Hus
(costume designer) (art director)
... aka Jan Hus (USA)
Directed by Otakar Vávra
Genre: Drama (more)
User Rating: 5.3/10 (14 votes)
Runtime: Czechoslovakia:125 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
1974 Milovník zvírat
(novel Garden)
... aka Animal Lover (informal literal English title)
Directed by Bretislav Pojar
Writing credits Jirí Trnka (novel)
Genre: Animation / Short
Runtime: Czechoslovakia:15 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
Sound Mix: Mono
1975 O té velké mlze
(novel Garden)
... aka Thick Fog (informal literal English title)
Directed by Bretislav Pojar
Writing credits Jirí Trnka (novel)
Genre: Animation / Comedy / Short
Runtime: Czechoslovakia:14 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
1976 Jak ulovit tygra
(novel Garden)
... aka How to Catch a Tiger (informal literal English title)
Directed by Bretislav Pojar
Writing credits Jirí Trnka (novel)
Genre: Animation / Comedy / Short
Runtime: Czechoslovakia:18 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
1976 O mysích ve staniolu
(novel Garden)
... aka Mice in Tinfoil (informal literal English title)
Directed by Bretislav Pojar
Writing credits Jirí Trnka (novel)
Genre: Animation / Comedy / Short
Runtime: Czechoslovakia:15 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
1977 Velryba - Abyrlev
(novel Garden)
... aka Elahw the Whale (informal literal English title)
Directed by Bretislav Pojar
Writing credits Jirí Trnka (novel)
Genre: Short / Family / Animation / Comedy (more)
Runtime: Czechoslovakia:14 min
Country: Czechoslovakia
Language: Czech
Color: Color
Certification: Czech Republic:U
